Impact of ICT Infrastructure, Financial Development, and Trade Openness on Economic Growth: New Evidence from Low- and High-Income Countries
نویسندگان
چکیده
This study investigates the joint impact of information communications technology (ICT) infrastructure, financial development (FD), and trade openness (TO) on economic growth (EG). includes two contrasting countries that differ from each other based income level consider total sample size 85 (including 27 low- 58 high-income countries) for period 2000–2019. We framed various hypotheses then applied ordinary least square (OLS) regression, fixed effect regression (FER), generalized method moments (GMM) method. Our findings are fourfold: (a) individual effects ICT (Internet, secure Internet, broadband, telephone) EG positive, excluding only telephone in LIC broadband HICs context; (b) case effects, majority proxies have a positive significant relationship with LICs HICs; (c) infrastructure FD both samples indicates complements EG; (d) result FD, TO is contradictory to other. Thus, results conclude context, positively affects EG, but reversed context. important policy implications, especially highly required infrastructure.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of The Knowledge Economy
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['1868-7865', '1868-7873']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-023-01332-7